Evaluation System for Yunnan Cultural Tourism Routes Based on a Five Component Model: Case Study of the Ancient Tea-horse Road in the South of Yunnan     

WANG Yan  XIE Hongzhong  ZHU Tao 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2019,10(5):553-558

Cultural tourism routes can reveal and protect cultural tourism heritage by means of cultural tourism in the “time category” and the “space category”. The construction of an evaluation system for cultural tourism routes and the evaluation, scoring and grading of existing and potential cultural tourism routes are the key to the protection of heritage, history and culture along these routes, and the key to encouraging the standardization, branding and sustainable development of various formats on the routes. Yunnan cultural tourism routes are diverse and rich in resources, and their developmental foundation is good. However, the tourism development and cultural development activities occur along separate lines and there is a lack of unified management. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research on information collection, information analysis, problem diagnosis and improvement of status in the local practices of Yunnan cultural tourism routes, and to guide the sustainable development of Yunnan cultural tourism routes. Based on the advanced experience of COE (Council of Europe), UNESCO WHC (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, World Heritage Committee) and ICOMOS(International Council on Monuments and Sites), this paper comprehensively analyzes the decisive criteria for line evaluation by interpreting and summarizing the connotations of cultural tourism routes, and determines that the evaluation of cultural tourism routes should include lines. Five aspects―the theme, the participating subject, the object itself, related activities and multi-party value―are used to construct a five-component model. At the same time, based on the consumer utility function, a complete route evaluation and hierarchical system is constructed. Then, taking the Ancient Tea-horse Road cultural tourism route as an example and using the expert scoring method and the analytic hierarchy process, the actual scores and grades of the Ancient Tea-horse Road cultural tourism route are determined, and countermeasures and suggestions for its sustainable development are proposed. The paper also verifies the applicability and practicability of the evaluation system, and promotes and improves the feedback evaluation system. The aim is to at promote and widely apply the evaluation system of cultural tourism routes, realizing the transformation from individual cases to joint cases, and promoting the standardization and sustainable development of cultural tourism routes.  相似文献   

基于水资源约束的中国城镇化SD模型与模拟   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

曹祺文  鲍超  顾朝林  管卫华 《地理研究》2019,38(1):167-180

中国城镇化正处于快速发展阶段,尽管经济和社会发展主控要素还在发挥重要作用,但水资源在生产、生活和生态方面发挥主控作用的局面愈益明显。在中国城镇化系统动力学（system dynamics,SD）模型基础上,从水资源供给、需求和水环境等层面将水资源作为主控要素嵌入原有模型中,拓展出基于水资源约束的中国城镇化SD模型,并对水资源利用进行了多情景模拟。结果表明：① 系统存流量和灵敏度检验证明模型模拟效果良好,具有可操作性。② 部门用水效率一定时,产业发展对水资源供需平衡的影响比人口增长更为明显。③ 在实行节水农业、节水工业、高生活需水、高生态环境需水和高再生水利用的综合协调方案中,2050年中国城镇化的发展约共需6789.70亿 m³水资源,基本实现水资源供需平衡。  相似文献   

乡村农户旅游适应效果、模式及其影响因素——以西安市和咸阳市17个案例村为例     

何旭  杨海娟  王晓雅 《地理研究》2019,38(9):2330-2345

乡村旅游地面临人地交互作用的剧烈变迁,内部要素适应社会-生态系统变化,趋利避害降低脆弱性具有重要现实意义。本文重新界定基于恢复力和脆弱性的农户适应性理论内涵,构建旅游开发适应力指标体系,以西安市和咸阳市17个不同类型的城郊型乡村旅游地为例,评价和分析农户旅游适应效果与空间差异规律,探讨和归纳适应行为与对策模式,建立BP神经网络辨别和揭示适应性影响因素与重要性关系。研究表明：① 西安市和咸阳市农户适应旅游开发综合效果呈现中等偏下水平的偏态分布趋势,分别处于旅游地生命周期快速发展阶段和探索起步阶段。② 乡村旅游地农户适应效果形成“圈层辐射、两翼包络、外围联动”的县域尺度空间分布格局;村域尺度圈层分化现象显著。③ 经营模式划分的旅游乡村农户适应效果股份制模式>“公司+农户”模式>“政府+公司+农户”模式>个体农庄模式>“农户+农户”模式;常年外出务工和农家乐经营是农户主要适应行为选择,季节性务工、本地上班以及农业生产是辅助适应行为选择,且适应行为组合方式表现为旅游专营型、旅游主导型、均衡兼营型、务工主导型和务农主导型五种适应对策模式。④ 旅游发展机会认知、技能培训机会、社会联结度、劳动力总量、政策知晓度、旅游就业人数、收入来源种类、生活主要能源、受教育程度、公共服务设施是农户主要旅游适应性影响因素。据此,提出后续社会-生态整合研究亟需突破方向和适应旅游开发的政策路径。  相似文献   

Socio-political and ecological stresses on traditional pastoral systems: A review     

Muhammad  Khurshid  Mohammad  Nafees  Abdullah  Khan  Mehmet  Somuncu  Ashfaq  Ahmad Khan  Wajid  Rashid 《地理学报(英文版)》2019,29(10):1758-1770

Journal of Geographical Sciences - Pastoralism is a viable socio-economic system-shaped by landless and agro-pastoral communities in many pastoral regions of the world. This system is mainly based...  相似文献   

残余位移反应谱的参数影响研究     

李宇  梁亚东  李琛 《震灾防御技术》2019,14(4):790-796

从PEER强震数据库中选取4类场地的320条地震动记录作为输入，采用BISPEC程序对非线性单自由度（SDOF）体系（周期T=0.05—5s）进行非线性时程分析，得到相应的残余位移反应谱（Dres），进而研究地震动特性和恢复力模型动力参数对Dres的影响，得到如下结论:①Dres谱值随震级和PGA的增加而增大；其他设防烈度的Dres可由PGA_其他与PGA_基准之比调整基准烈度的Dres得到。②场地土较硬时，场地类型对Dres的影响较小；场地土较软时，Dres谱值随土质的变软而增大。③当位移延性比μ较小时，屈服后刚度比η对Dres的影响可忽略；但当μ较大时，Dres谱值随η的增加而减小。另外，Dres谱值还随阻尼比ξ的增加而减小。④随着T或μ的增大，Dres谱值均呈递增趋势；但当μ>3后，μ对Dres谱值的影响有所下降。  相似文献   

A natural gas hydrate-oil-gas system in the Qilian Mountain permafrost area,northeast of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau     

《China Geology》2020,3(4):511-523

Natural gas hydrate, oil and gas were all found together in the Qilian Mountain permafrost area, northeast of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China. They are closely associated with each other in space, but whether they are in any genetic relations are unknown yet. In this paper, a hydrocarbon gas-generation series, gas-fluid migration series and hydrocarbon gas-accumulation series are analyzed to probe the spatial, temporal and genetic relationships among natural natural gas hydrate, oil and gas. The subsequent results show that natural gas hydrate, oil and gas actually form a natural gas hydrate-oil-gas system. Based on the Middle Jurassic and the Upper Triassic hydrocarbon gas-generation series, it is divided into four major sub-systems in the study area: (1) A conventional Upper Triassic gas-bearing sub-system with peak hydrocarbon gas-generation in the late Middle Jurassic; (2) a conventional Middle Jurassic oil-bearing sub-system with low to mature hydrocarbon gas-generation in the late Middle Jurassic; (3) a natural gas hydrate sub-system with main gas source from the Upper Triassic gas-bearing sub-system and minor gas source from the Middle Jurassic oil-bearing sub-system as well as little gas source from the Middle Jurassic coal-bed gas and the microbial gas; (4) a shallower gas sub-system with microbial alteration of the main gas source from the Upper Triassic gas-bearing sub-system. This natural gas hydrate-oil-gas system and its sub-systems are not only theoretical but also practical, and thus they will play an important role in the further exploration of natural gas hydrate, oil and gas, even other energy resources in the study area.  相似文献   

临震前地壳变形不动点现象与机制研究     

牛安福  张凌空  章静  李媛  赵静  闫伟  岳冲  苑争一 《大地测量与地球动力学》2020,40(1):1-6

在综合分析国内外地形变前兆研究现状的基础上,结合汶川8.0级地震前GPS、应变、重力等研究结果,提出临震前震源区域可能出现变形不动点现象。地壳变形过程中的不动点现象是临震前区域应力场进入临界状态的重要标志,是地震潜在危险区域划定的重要依据。借助不动点理论,给出汶川地震前变形不动点集合的演化,结合大区域地震活动空区与远场显著形变异常分布,探讨变形不动点现象发生的动力学背景,验证了汶川地震前地壳变形的不动点现象是大区域应力场有序运动的结果。  相似文献   

地下结构抗震设计的改进等效反应加速度法     

禹海涛  张正伟  李攀 《岩土力学》2020,41(7):2401-2410

对地下结构横向抗震分析中的等效反应加速度法进行综合分析。结合算例，以动力时程法为基准，全面评价了等效反应加速度法的适用性；进而深入分析其误差来源，并做针对性改进优化，通过引入动力响应调整系数β，提出了一种改进等效反应加速度法；结合算例分析，评价了改进等效反应加速度法对不同工况的适用性。结果表明：等效反应加速度法计算所得结构内力及变形均偏小；且计算精度随地层剪切波速的增大整体呈上升趋势，但几乎不受结构埋深的影响；同时，明确了等效反应加速度法的误差源自于其忽略了地下结构对其周围土体动力响应的干扰作用，改进优化后提出了改进等效反应加速度法；相比现有等效反应加速度法，改进等效反应加速度法具有更广泛的适用性及更优的计算精度，可为地下结构抗震设计和分析提供新的计算方法。  相似文献   

利用偏光显微镜反射光系统观察黑色生油岩电子探针薄片中的生烃母质特征     

郑庆华  刘行军  刘乔  梁秀玲  张小龙  左琴  杨开艳  马婷  许锋 《岩矿测试》2020,39(3):442-450

鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组长7油层组的黑色泥岩、油页岩等黑色生油岩薄片中的生烃母质,因黑色石油、沥青等黑色有机质的覆盖或不透明,导致其在偏光显微镜透射光系统下观察常局部或整体呈现为黑色。因此,建立一种黑色生油岩薄片中生烃母质有效观察的方法,对致密油、页岩油的生烃研究具有重要的理论和实际意义。本文提出了一种利用电子探针薄片和偏光显微镜的反射光系统观察黑色生油岩中生烃母质特征的方法。该方法能够克服黑色生油岩薄片中生烃母质因被黑色有机质覆盖或不透明,而在偏光显微镜的透射光系统下局部或整体呈黑色的弊端,能够对生烃母质的大小、形态、结构、分布和物质成分等特征进行整体且清晰的观察。实践表明,本文提出的利用偏光显微镜反射光系统观察黑色生油岩电子探针薄片中生烃母质特征的方法,简单有效,易在致密油、页岩油的生烃研究领域推广使用。  相似文献   

Dynamic responses of unsaturated half‐space soil to a moving harmonic rectangular load          下载免费PDF全文

Zheng Lu  Ran Fang  Hailin Yao  Cheng Dong  Shaohua Xian 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2018,42(9):1057-1077

The problem of the dynamic responses of a semi‐infinite unsaturated poroelastic medium subjected to a moving rectangular load is investigated analytical/numerically. The dynamic governing equations are obtained with consideration of the compressibility of solid grain and pore fluid, inertial coupling, and viscous drag as well as capillary pressure in the unsaturated soil, and they can be easily degraded to the complete Biot's theory. Using the Fourier transform, the general solution for the equations is derived in the transformed domain, and then a corresponding boundary value problem is formulated. By introducing fast Fourier transform algorithm, the unsaturated soil vertical displacements, effective stresses, and pore pressures induced by moving load are computed, and some of the calculated results are compared with those for the degenerated solution of saturated soils and confirmed. The influences of the saturation, the load speed, and excitation frequency on the response of the unsaturated half‐space soil are investigated. The numerical results reveal that the effects of these parameters on the dynamic response of the unsaturated soil are significant.  相似文献